Pacman rosetta (Español)

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Introducción:
Esta página está basada en la siguiente: http://en.opensuse.org/Software_Management_Command_Line_Comparison
Ha sido simplificada y le hemos añadido Arch a la comparació, modificando un poco la distribución, para beneficio de los usuarios de Arch.


Acción arch redhat/fedora debian/ubuntu vieja suse opensuse
Instalar paquetes por su nombre pacman -Syum install apt-get installrug installzypper install
Eliminar paquetes por su nombre pacman -Ryum remove/erase apt-get removerug remove/erasezypper remove
Búsqueda de paquetes por su nombre, descripción, descripción corta. Según la distribución, varía cada campo buscado por defecto. Algunas opciones brindan herramientas parecidas. pacman -Ssyum search apt-cache searchrug searchzypper search
Actualizar paquetes - Instala paquetes que tienen una versión antígua ya instalada. pacman -Uyum update apt-get upgraderug updatezypper update
Actualizar paquetes - Otra forma del comando update, con el que se pueden realizar actualizaciones mas complejas -- como puede ser la actualización de la distribución. Cuando el usual comando update omite las actualizaciones para paquetes que incluyen cambios en las dependencias, esta forma de actualizar si permite hacerlo. pacman -Syuyum upgrade apt-get dist-upgradezypper dup
Instalar o Reinstalar el paquete especificado - Este comando instalará o reinstalará el paquete especificado gestionando las dependencias del mismo. pacman -Sapt-get --reinstall \\ installzypper install --force
Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -Uyum localinstall dpkg -in/a
Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -Uyum localupdate n/a
Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system pacman dep level - testdb, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or ldddapt-get --fix-brokenrug* solvedeps n/a
Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them pacman -Swapt-get --download-onlyn/a
Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. pacman -Qdt apt-get autoremove n/a
Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) srcpac -Sw ? (third-party. Is there something better?)apt-get source zypper source-install
Install/Remove packages to satisfy buid-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. done bye PKGBUILD when building from AURapt-get build-dep zypper si -d
Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed IgnorePkg = in /etc/pacman.confyum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend)echo "$PKGNAME hold" | dpkg --set-selections rug* lock-add n/a
Delete a package lock rule remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.confyum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend)echo "$PKGNAME install" | dpkg --set-selections rug* lock-deleten/a
Show a listing of all lock rules view IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.confyum.conf (research needed)/etc/apt/preferences rug* lock-listn/a
Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback rug* checkpoint-add n/a
Remove a checkpoint from the system rug* checkpoint-remove n/a
Provide a list of all system checkpoints rug* checkpoints n/a
Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. rug* rollback n/a
Package information management
Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. One version of rug dumps information as a sqlite database. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) apt-cache statsrug dumpn/a
Show all or most information about a package. The tools\' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. yum list or info apt-cache showpkg apt-cache showrug infozypper info
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. yum search apt-cache searchrug searchzypper search
Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. yum list updates yum check-update apt-get upgrade -> nrug list-updates rug summaryzypper list-updates zypper patch-check (just for patches)
Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. apt-cache dumpavail apt-cache dump (Cache only) apt-cache pkgnamesrug packagesIN PROGRESS
Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. pacman -Qoyum whatprovides yum provides apt (dpkg / grep)rug what-providesIN PROGRESS
Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse dependencies. rug\'s what-requires can operate on more than just package names. yum resolvedep apt-cache rdependsrug what-requiresIN PROGRESS
Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. rug\'s what-conflicts function operates on more than just package names rug info-conflicts rug what-conflictsIN PROGRESS
List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. yum deplist apt-cache dependsrug info-requirementsIN PROGRESS
List what the current package provides pkgfile?yum provides rug info-providesIN PROGRESS
List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. yum provides rug* file-listIN PROGRESS
Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. yum provides yum whatprovides apt-filerug* package-file rug what-providesIN PROGRESS
Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. yum list obsoletes apt-cache / greprug info-obsoletesIN PROGRESS
Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. yum deplist apt-get check ? apt-cache unmetrug verify rug* dangling-requiresn/a
Generates a list of installed packages pacman -Qyum list installed apt-cache --installedn/a
List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). yum list extras n/a
List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. Note: Synaptic has this functionality, however apt doesn\'t seem to be the provider. yum list recent n/a
Show a log of actions taken by the software management. rug history n/a
Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. yum clean apt-cache clean apt-cache autocleann/a
Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. apt-cache add n/a
Display the source package to the given package name(s) apt-cache showsrc n/a
Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). apt-cache dotty n/a
Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. /etc/apt/preferences smart priority –setn/a
Remove a previously set priority /etc/apt/preferences smart priority --remove n/a
Show a list of set priorities. apt-cache policy /etc/apt/preferences smart priority --show n/a
Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. n/a
Installation sources management
Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. apt-cdrom addrug service-add rug mount /local/dirzypper service-add
Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. pacman -y ...Sy ?yum check-update apt-get updaterug refreshzypper refresh
Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. rug service-listzypper service-list
Other commands
Start a shell Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session yum shell zypper shell
Package Verification
rpm -V (deb-sums)
rpm -Va (deb-sums)
Package Querying
List installed local packages along with versionpacman -Qrpm -Qa
Display package information: Name, version, description, etc.pacman -Qi rpm -Qi
Display files provided by packagepacman -Ql rpm -Ql
Query the package which provides FILE pacman -Si $(pkgfile FILE | cut -d/ -f2) ? Nasty hack...this functionality will be built into pkgfile soon (also, check out -o or –owns instead of pkgfile for locally installed files)rpm -Qf
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management databasepacman -Qprpm -Qp
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